How does bisoprolol achieve its therapeutic effect?

Bisoprolol achieves its therapeutic effect primarily by decreasing heart rate. As a selective beta-1 adrenergic blocker, bisoprolol reduces the frequency and intensity of cardiac contractions. This leads to several beneficial effects in patients with conditions such as angina pectoris and heart failure. By lowering heart rate, bisoprolol decreases the overall workload on the heart, reducing oxygen demand and helping to alleviate symptoms of angina.

Furthermore, a lower heart rate allows for better coronary perfusion during diastole, which can enhance oxygen delivery to myocardial tissue. This is particularly important in angina, where myocardial oxygen supply and demand are imbalanced. Overall, the ability of bisoprolol to effectively decrease heart rate is what makes it a valuable agent in managing angina and improving exercise tolerance in patients.