When describing nitrates, which explanation of mechanisms would the nurse expect to include? Select all that apply.

Nitrates are well-known for their ability to treat angina by primarily functioning as vasodilators. When discussing the mechanism of nitrates, it is essential to highlight that they relax the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels. This relaxation leads to vasodilation, which decreases the systemic vascular resistance, subsequently reducing the workload of the heart and oxygen demand.

While other mechanisms, such as the effects on myocardial contractility or increasing blood flow, are related, the primary and most definitive action of nitrates is their direct effect on smooth muscle relaxation. This action allows for increased lumen size in blood vessels, improving blood flow, especially to the myocardium. Therefore, it is accurate to state that nitrates relax the smooth muscle layer of blood vessels, which is a fundamental aspect of their therapeutic function in managing angina symptoms.