Which factor can potentially precipitate angina episodes?

The correct answer identifies a combination of lifestyle factors, specifically a high-fat diet and smoking, that can significantly contribute to the development and exacerbation of angina episodes. These factors are known to induce coronary artery disease, which is a primary underlying cause of angina.

A high-fat diet can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries through increased cholesterol levels, narrowing them and reducing blood flow to the heart muscle. When the heart does not receive enough oxygen, especially during physical exertion or stress, angina can occur. Meanwhile, smoking is a well-established risk factor that not only damages the blood vessels but also contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis, further increasing the likelihood of angina episodes.

While lack of sleep can affect overall cardiovascular health, it is less directly associated with the immediate physiological changes that precipitate angina compared to the combined detrimental effects of a high-fat diet and smoking. Low blood pressure could potentially reduce the workload on the heart, rather than precipitate angina, and increased hydration is generally a positive factor for cardiovascular health that would not provoke angina.